See h₂enǵʰ- on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for h₂enǵʰ- meaning in All languages combined (7.1kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂énǵʰ-e-ti",
"pos": "thematic root present"
},
"expansion": "*h₂énǵʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂énǵʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἄγχω",
"gloss": "I compress, strangle"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἄγχω (ánkhō, “I compress, strangle”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἄγχω (ánkhō, “I compress, strangle”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*anɣō"
},
"expansion": "*anɣō",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Italic: *anɣō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "angō",
"gloss": "I cause pain"
},
"expansion": "Latin: angō (“I cause pain”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: angō (“I cause pain”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂énǵʰus",
"3": "*h₂énǵʰ-u-s ~ *h₂n̥ǵʰ-éw-s"
},
"expansion": "*h₂énǵʰ-u-s ~ *h₂n̥ǵʰ-éw-s",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "*h₂énǵʰ-u-s ~ *h₂n̥ǵʰ-éw-s (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂enǵʰ-us-t-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂enǵʰ-us-t-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂enǵʰ-us-t-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*angustiz",
"t": "narrowness, tightness, anxiety"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *angustiz (“narrowness, tightness, anxiety”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *angustiz (“narrowness, tightness, anxiety”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "angustus",
"gloss": "narrow, close"
},
"expansion": "Latin: angustus (“narrow, close”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: angustus (“narrow, close”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂énǵʰ-os"
},
"expansion": "*h₂énǵʰ-os",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂énǵʰ-os"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*angazaz",
"t": "worry, grief, anxiety"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *angazaz (“worry, grief, anxiety”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *angazaz (“worry, grief, anxiety”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀγχοῦ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἀγχοῦ (ankhoû)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἄγχι"
},
"expansion": "ἄγχι (ánkhi)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἀγχοῦ (ankhoû), ἄγχι (ánkhi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hánȷ́ʰas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hánȷ́ʰas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hánȷ́ʰas (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂enǵʰ-s-yo-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂enǵʰ-s-yo-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂enǵʰ-s-yo-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ānxius"
},
"expansion": "Latin: ānxius",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: ānxius"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "angësht"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: angësht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: angësht"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "անձաւ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: անձաւ (anjaw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: անձաւ (anjaw)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*komangus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *komangus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *komangus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cyfyng"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: cyfyng",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: cyfyng"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cumung",
"t": "narrow, tight, constricted"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: cumung (“narrow, tight, constricted”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: cumung (“narrow, tight, constricted”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂eng-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂eng-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂enk-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂enk-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂eḱ-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂eḱ-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Hittite ḫamank- 'to tie' suggests that the earlier form should be reconstructed not as *h₂enǵʰ- but as *h₂emǵʰ-, which weakens the argument for a (genetic) relation to Proto-Uralic *aŋke 'painfully constricted'. Perhaps related to *h₂eng-, *h₂enk-, *h₂eḱ-",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂enǵʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 0 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European HeRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 0 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 0 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to constrict, tighten, compress"
],
"id": "en-h₂enǵʰ--ine-pro-root-M0gjlpQ-",
"links": [
[
"constrict",
"constrict"
],
[
"tighten",
"tighten"
],
[
"compress",
"compress"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"narrow, tight"
],
"id": "en-h₂enǵʰ--ine-pro-root-bVxbzt6h",
"links": [
[
"narrow",
"narrow"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 0 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European HeRC-shape roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 0 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 0 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European roots",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"distressed, anxious"
],
"id": "en-h₂enǵʰ--ine-pro-root-kKgWFvQa",
"links": [
[
"distressed",
"distressed"
],
[
"anxious",
"anxious"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "h₂enǵʰ-"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-European HeRC-shape roots",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European roots"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂énǵʰ-e-ti",
"pos": "thematic root present"
},
"expansion": "*h₂énǵʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂énǵʰ-e-ti (thematic root present)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἄγχω",
"gloss": "I compress, strangle"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἄγχω (ánkhō, “I compress, strangle”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἄγχω (ánkhō, “I compress, strangle”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": "*anɣō"
},
"expansion": "*anɣō",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Italic: *anɣō"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "angō",
"gloss": "I cause pain"
},
"expansion": "Latin: angō (“I cause pain”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: angō (“I cause pain”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂énǵʰus",
"3": "*h₂énǵʰ-u-s ~ *h₂n̥ǵʰ-éw-s"
},
"expansion": "*h₂énǵʰ-u-s ~ *h₂n̥ǵʰ-éw-s",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "*h₂énǵʰ-u-s ~ *h₂n̥ǵʰ-éw-s (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂enǵʰ-us-t-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂enǵʰ-us-t-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂enǵʰ-us-t-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*angustiz",
"t": "narrowness, tightness, anxiety"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *angustiz (“narrowness, tightness, anxiety”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *angustiz (“narrowness, tightness, anxiety”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "angustus",
"gloss": "narrow, close"
},
"expansion": "Latin: angustus (“narrow, close”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: angustus (“narrow, close”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂énǵʰ-os"
},
"expansion": "*h₂énǵʰ-os",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂énǵʰ-os"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*angazaz",
"t": "worry, grief, anxiety"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic: *angazaz (“worry, grief, anxiety”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Germanic: *angazaz (“worry, grief, anxiety”) (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grk-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Hellenic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Hellenic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἀγχοῦ"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek: ἀγχοῦ (ankhoû)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "ἄγχι"
},
"expansion": "ἄγχι (ánkhi)",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ancient Greek: ἀγχοῦ (ankhoû), ἄγχι (ánkhi)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "*Hánȷ́ʰas"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hánȷ́ʰas",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hánȷ́ʰas (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"raw_tags": [
"derived"
],
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*h₂enǵʰ-s-yo-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂enǵʰ-s-yo-",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "*h₂enǵʰ-s-yo-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "itc-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Italic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ānxius"
},
"expansion": "Latin: ānxius",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin: ānxius"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Unsorted formations:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Albanian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "angësht"
},
"expansion": "Albanian: angësht",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Albanian: angësht"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xcl",
"2": "անձաւ"
},
"expansion": "Old Armenian: անձաւ (anjaw)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Armenian: անձաւ (anjaw)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "*komangus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic: *komangus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Celtic: *komangus"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cyfyng"
},
"expansion": "Welsh: cyfyng",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Welsh: cyfyng"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cumung",
"t": "narrow, tight, constricted"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: cumung (“narrow, tight, constricted”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: cumung (“narrow, tight, constricted”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂eng-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂eng-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂enk-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂enk-",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₂eḱ-"
},
"expansion": "*h₂eḱ-",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Hittite ḫamank- 'to tie' suggests that the earlier form should be reconstructed not as *h₂enǵʰ- but as *h₂emǵʰ-, which weakens the argument for a (genetic) relation to Proto-Uralic *aŋke 'painfully constricted'. Perhaps related to *h₂eng-, *h₂enk-, *h₂eḱ-",
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂enǵʰ-",
"pos": "root",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to constrict, tighten, compress"
],
"links": [
[
"constrict",
"constrict"
],
[
"tighten",
"tighten"
],
[
"compress",
"compress"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"narrow, tight"
],
"links": [
[
"narrow",
"narrow"
],
[
"tight",
"tight"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"distressed, anxious"
],
"links": [
[
"distressed",
"distressed"
],
[
"anxious",
"anxious"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "h₂enǵʰ-"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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